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Joshua 12

The TorahRooted Bible (TRB), translated directly from the Hebrew and Greek.

Kings defeated east of the Jordan

1 Now these are the kings of the land whom the children of Israel struck and whose land they took possession of beyond the Jordan toward the sunrise, from the valley of the Arnon to Mount Hermon, and all the Arabah eastward: 2 Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived at Heshbon, ruling from Aroer, which is on the edge of the valley of the Arnon, and from the middle of the valley, and half of Gilead, as far as the river Jabbok, the border of the children of Ammon; 3 and the Arabah as far as the Sea of Chinneroth eastward, and as far as the Sea of the Arabah, the Salt Sea, eastward, by the way of Beth-jeshimoth, and on the south under the slopes of Pisgah; 4 and the territory of Og king of Bashan, one of the remnant of the Rephaim, who lived at Ashtaroth and at Edrei, 5 and ruled over Mount Hermon and Salecah and all Bashan, as far as the border of the Geshurites and the Maacathites, and half of Gilead, to the border of Sihon king of Heshbon. 6 Moses the servant of Yahweh and the children of Israel struck them; and Moses the servant of Yahweh gave it as a possession to the Reubenites, to the Gadites and to the half-tribe of Manasseh.

Kings defeated west of the Jordan

7 And these are the kings of the land whom Joshua and the children of Israel struck beyond the Jordan on the west, from Baal-gad in the Valley of Lebanon as far as Mount Halak, which rises toward Seir; and Joshua gave it to the tribes of Israel as a possession according to their divisions, 8 in the hill country, in the lowland, in the Arabah, in the slopes, in the wilderness and in the Negev, the land of the Hittites, the Amorites, the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hivites and the Jebusites: 9 the king of Jericho, one; the king of Ai, which is beside Bethel, one; 10 the king of Jerusalem, one; the king of Hebron, one; 11 the king of Jarmuth, one; the king of Lachish, one; 12 the king of Eglon, one; the king of Gezer, one; 13 the king of Debir, one; the king of Geder, one; 14 the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one; 15 the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one; 16 the king of Makkedah, one; the king of Bethel, one; 17 the king of Tappuah, one; the king of Hepher, one; 18 the king of Aphek, one; the king of Lasharon, one; 19 the king of Madon, one; the king of Hazor, one; 20 the king of Shimron-meron, one; the king of Achshaph, one; 21 the king of Taanach, one; the king of Megiddo, one; 22 the king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam in Carmel, one; 23 the king of Dor in the heights of Dor, one; the king of Goiim at Gilgal, one; 24 the king of Tirzah, one: all the kings, thirty-one.

Notes

  • 12:1 This chapter gathers the whole conquest into one list: first the two kings defeated under Moses east of the Jordan (Deuteronomy 2-3), then the kings defeated under Joshua west of it. Setting the two leaders side by side shows one people and one inheritance on both sides of the river.
  • 12:9 The Hebrew sets out the list like a scribe's tally, writing "one" after each king, and in the Masoretic manuscripts it is traditionally laid out in two columns, king and "one." The list roughly follows the campaigns, Jericho and Ai, then the south (chapter 10) and the north (chapter 11), and it also names kings whose defeat is not told in detail.
  • 12:24 Thirty-one city-kings show how divided Canaan was into small kingdoms, each ruling a city and its villages. The Greek Septuagint differs in several names and gives the total as twenty-nine; in verse 23 it reads "Goiim of Galilee" instead of "at Gilgal." Goiim means "nations."

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